人教版丨七年级下册英语7单元词汇精讲（附训练题及谜底）

Unit7 词汇解说1. rainrain 作动词，意为“下雨，降雨”，短语rain cats and dogs，意为“下滂沱大雨”。例如：It often rains in summer. 夏天经常下雨。It’s going to rain. 就要下雨了。

注意：表现下雨时，可以用rain的差别形式来表达。例如：（1）There was a heavy rain during the night. (rain作不行数名词，意为“雨”)夜间下了一场大雨。

（2）It is rainy in Beijing. (rainy是rain的形容词形式，意为“下雨的”)= It is raining in Beijing. (rain 作动词)北京在下雨。2. windywindy是wind的形容词形式，意为“多风的”，是名词wind加y变来的形容词。英语中，许多表天气的名词后加y，可以酿成相应的形容词。

例如：cloud(云) +y→cloudy 多云的sun (太阳) + n +y→sunny (晴朗的)rain(雨) + y→rainy(下雨的)snow(雪) + y→snowy (下雪的)3. cookcook作及物动词，意为“烹饪”，其后可接三餐或详细的某种菜肴作宾语，也可作不及物动词。例如：My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning. 妈妈天天早上给我做早饭。She’s cooking now. 她正在做饭。

拓展：（1）cook 作名词，意为“厨师”。例如：His uncle is a good cook. 他的叔叔是一个好厨师。（2）cook 后加-er，组成cooker，是可数名词，意为“厨具”。例如：There are all kinds of cookers in the supermarket.超市里有种种各样的厨具。

4. messagemessage 意为“消息，信息”。take a message 意为“捎个口信”；leave a message 意为“留个口信”；send a message 意为“发送信息”。例如：Can I take a message for him?我能给他捎个口信吗？He sent a message to me yesterday.他昨天给我发了一条信息。

5. backback 副词，意为“回来”或者“回原处”。call sb. back 意为“给某人回个电话”。例如：I’ll call (you) back. 我将（给你）回电话。

（1）back 还可以和其他一些动词一起组成短语动词，如：be back (返回)，come back (回来)， go back (回去)， get back (返回)， bring back (拿回来)等。例如：It’s September now. We are all back at school. 现在是九月，我们都回到了学校。When are you coming back?你什么时候回来？（2）back 作名词，意为“后背”，“后面”或“后部”。

例如：Do you know the little boy on his back?你认识他背上的谁人小男孩吗？There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.我们课堂后面有一块黑板。（3）back 作形容词，意为“后面的”。There is a picture on the back wall.后墙上有张图画。6. dry（1）dry作形容词, 意为“干燥的”，其反义词为“湿润的”。

例如：This coat will keep you dry in the rain.这件外套将使你在雨中不被淋湿。（2）dry 作动词，既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，意为“使干燥，弄干，变干”。例如：Don’t cry! Dry your eyes.别哭了！擦干眼泪。

The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.湿衣服在阳光下很快就会干。7. cold＆hot; warm＆cool（1）cold 严寒的，冷的; 它的反义词是hot，意为“炎热的”；在句子中做定语或者表语；常用来形貌天气。例如：It’s hot today. 今天天气炎热。

On a cold night, we stayed at home and watched TV.在一个严寒的夜晚，我们呆在家里看电视。（2）warm 意为“温暖的”，cool意为“凉爽的”；这是也是一组反义词，常用来形貌天气；也常用来做定语或者表语。例如：It’s warm in spring and cool in autumn.春天天气温暖，秋天天气凉爽。注意：cool 还可以用形容词，另有“酷的，绝妙的”之意。

用来赞尤物、物或者事。例如：He looks cool in his new T-shirt.他穿上新T恤看上去很酷。8. sit＆seat二者均可表现“坐”，sit是不及物动词，主语是人；seat是及物动词，主语是人时，表现“使……坐下”，宾语常是反身代词；主语是地方时，表现“能坐几多人”。

例如：She sits alone in her room.她独自坐在房间里。Our classroom can seat fifty students.我们课堂能坐50个学生。9. vacationvacation 意为“假期”，on a vacation 意为“度假”。例如：In summer, we often go to the mountains on a vacation.夏天我们经常去山里度假。

10. hardhard副词，意为“努力地，辛苦地”，常放在动词后面修饰动词。例如：They are studying hard. 他们在努力学习。

hard 还可以作形容词，意为“难题的，艰难的”时，与difficult同义，与easy相反；意为“硬的，牢靠的”，与soft相对；hard还可以意为“严的，严厉的”。例如：The stone is hard. 石头很硬。Don’t be too hard on her—she’s very young.别对她太严厉了——她还小呢。11. mountain＆hill（1） country 名词，意为“国，国家”。

复数形式是countries。例如：This is a beautiful country.这是一个漂亮的国家。

Chinais a big country.中国是一个大国。（2）country 作名词，还可以指“农村，乡下”，相当于countryside, 前面常用定冠词the。

例如：My grandparents live in the country.我的爷爷奶奶住在农村。练一练：Ⅰ. 英汉互译。

1.玩儿电脑游戏________ 2. at/in the park_______ 3. right now_______4. 喝橘子汁________ 5. write to sb.________ 6. 打篮球_______Ⅱ. 凭据句意和首字母提示补全单词。1. How’s the w_______ inBeijing?2. It often s______ in the north ofChinain winter and the weather is very cold.3. They are inFranceon v______.4. It’s too h_______. Let’s go swimming.5. She is sitting at the b______ of the classroom.6. My mother is c_______ in the kitchen.7. There is a m______ for you from your cousin.8. Study h______ and you can pass the test.9. China is a large c_______.10. Your coat is wet. You can make it d______ in the sun.Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. It’s a ______ (rain) day.2. That _______ (sound) bad.3. Look! It is ______ (snow).4. Hello! Lily ______ (speak).5. I don’t know the time. My watch doesn’t ______ (work).Ⅳ.选词填空。1. He is a _____. He is ______ dinner now. ( cooking/cook/cooker)2. He can’t answer so difficult ______ (problems / questions)3. In a park, _______ children are playing in the snow. (some of / some)4. He has only _____ sister. She is reading ______ book now.(a/one)5. I’m ______ English and I’m ______ a lot from my teacher. (studying/learning)6. I want to know the time but my watch isn’t ______ .(going / working)7. Have a ______ (sit/seat) please.8. Climbing the high_______(hill/mountain) is not easy.9. The ______ is shinning. It’s ______ (sunny/sun).10. It often ______ (is raining / rains) in summer in my hometown.参考谜底：Ⅰ. 英汉互译。1. play computer games 2. 在公园里 3. 连忙，马上4. drink orange juice 5. 给某人写信 6. play basketballⅡ. 凭据句意和首字母提示补全单词。

1. weather 2. snows 3. vacation 4. hot 5. back6. cooking 7. message 8. hard 9. country 10. dryⅢ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. rainy 2. sounds 3. snowing 4. speaking 5. workⅣ.选词填空。

1. cook, cooking 2. questions 3. some4. one, a 5. studying, learning6. working 7. seat 8. mountain9. sun, sunny 10. rains声明：内容泉源于网络！。

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